Modul:Age

Modul ini dilindungi. Modul ini sangat mencolok yang digunakan oleh banyak halaman, atau sangat sering disubstitusikan. Karena vandalisme atau kesalahan akan mempengaruhi banyak halaman, dan suntingan kecil dapat memberi beban besar pada server, modul ini dilindungi dari penyuntingan.

Modul Lua ini digunakan pada banyak halaman dan perubahannya kemungkinan dipantau. Uji cobalah di subhalaman /bak pasir atau /kasus uji modul, atau bak pasir modul Anda. Pertimbangkan untuk mendiskusikan perubahan di halaman pembicaraan sebelum mengimplementasikannya.

Templates supported[sunting sumber]

Module:Age implements the following templates:

Template	Required wikitext
{{extract}}	`{{#invoke:age\|extract}}`
{{gregorian serial date}}	`{{#invoke:age\|gsd}}`
{{time interval}}	`{{#invoke:age\|time_interval}}`
{{age in days}}	`{{#invoke:age\|age_generic\|template=age_days}}`
{{age in days nts}}	`{{#invoke:age\|age_generic\|template=age_days_nts}}`
{{duration in days}}	`{{#invoke:age\|age_generic\|template=duration_days}}`
{{duration in days nts}}	`{{#invoke:age\|age_generic\|template=duration_days_nts}}`
{{age}}	`{{#invoke:age\|age_generic\|template=age_full_years}}`
{{age nts}}	`{{#invoke:age\|age_generic\|template=age_full_years_nts}}`
{{age in years}}	`{{#invoke:age\|age_generic\|template=age_in_years}}`
{{age in years nts}}	`{{#invoke:age\|age_generic\|template=age_in_years_nts}}`
{{age for infant}}	`{{#invoke:age\|age_generic\|template=age_infant}}`
{{age in months}}	`{{#invoke:age\|age_generic\|template=age_m}}`
{{age in weeks}}	`{{#invoke:age\|age_generic\|template=age_w}}`
{{age in weeks and days}}	`{{#invoke:age\|age_generic\|template=age_wd}}`
{{age in years and days}}	`{{#invoke:age\|age_generic\|template=age_yd}}`
{{age in years and days nts}}	`{{#invoke:age\|age_generic\|template=age_yd_nts}}`
{{age in years and months}}	`{{#invoke:age\|age_generic\|template=age_ym}}`
{{age in years, months and days}}	`{{#invoke:age\|age_generic\|template=age_ymd}}`
{{age in years, months, weeks and days}}	`{{#invoke:age\|age_generic\|template=age_ymwd}}`
{{birth date and age}}	`{{#invoke:age\|birth_date_and_age}}`
{{death date and age}}	`{{#invoke:age\|death_date_and_age}}`

Redirects

Template	Redirects to
{{hla}}	{{age in years, months and days}}
{{age in months, weeks and days}}	{{age in years, months, weeks and days}}
{{bda}}	{{birth date and age}}
{{dda}}	{{death date and age}}
{{gsd}}	{{gregorian serial date}}

The age templates expect the older date to be first. The implementations of age_in_years and age_in_years_nts display an error message if that is not the case. If similar checking is wanted for other templates, negative=error can be added to the invoke. For example, {{age}} might use:

{{#invoke:age|age_generic|template=age_full_years|negative=error}}

If negative=error does not apply, a negative difference is indicated with a minus sign (−).

Date formats[sunting sumber]

Dates can use numbered or named parameters to specify year/month/day. Alternatively, a full date can be entered in a variety of formats. For example:

{{age in years and months|year1=2001|month1=1|day1=10|year2=2012|month2=2|day2=20}} → 11 tahun, 1 bulan
{{age in years and months|year=2001|month=1|day=10|year2=2012|month2=2|day2=20}} → 11 tahun, 1 bulan
{{age in years and months|2001|1|10|2012|2|20}} → 11 tahun, 1 bulan
{{age in years and months|2001-1-10|2012-2-20}} → 11 tahun, 1 bulan
{{age in years and months|10 Jan 2001|20 Feb 2012}} → 11 tahun, 1 bulan
{{age in years and months|January 10, 2001|Feb 20, 2012}} → 11 tahun, 1 bulan

If the first or second date is omitted, the current date is used. For example:

{{age in years and months|year2=2012|month2=2|day2=20}} → −12 tahun, 9 bulan
{{age in years and months||||2012|2|20}} → −12 tahun, 9 bulan
{{age in years and months||2012-2-20}} → −12 tahun, 9 bulan
{{age in years and months||20 Feb 2012}} → −12 tahun, 9 bulan
{{age in years and months||Feb 20, 2012}} → −12 tahun, 9 bulan
{{age in years and months|year1=2001|month1=1|day1=10}} → 23 tahun, 10 bulan
{{age in years and months|year=2001|month=1|day=10}} → 23 tahun, 10 bulan
{{age in years and months|2001|1|10}} → 23 tahun, 10 bulan
{{age in years and months|2001-1-10}} → 23 tahun, 10 bulan
{{age in years and months|10 Jan 2001}} → 23 tahun, 10 bulan
{{age in years and months|January 10, 2001}} → 23 tahun, 10 bulan

Parameters[sunting sumber]

The following options are available:

Parameter	Description
`duration=on`	The finishing date is included in the result; that adds one day to the age.
`fix=on`	Adjust invalid time units. See Template:Extract#Fix.
`format=commas`	A value of 1,000 or more is displayed with commas.
`format=raw`	Numbers are displayed without commas and negative numbers are displayed with a hyphen for `{{#expr}}`. In addition, {{age}} outputs a plain number and will not include a span to indicate if the result relies on the current date.
`format=cardinal`	Display the resulting number using words such as "five" instead of 5. See below.
`format=ordinal`	Display the resulting number using words such as "fifth" instead of 5. See below.
`range=dash`	Accept a year only, or a year and month only, and show a range of ages with an en dash (–).
`range=yes`	Accept a year or year/month, and show the range with "or".
`range=no`	Accept a year only, or year/month, but show only a single age as if full dates had been entered.
`round=on`	The age is rounded to the nearest least-significant time unit.
`sc=on`	A serial comma is used (only useful when three or more values are displayed).
`sc=yes`	Same as `sc=on`.
`show=hide`	The age is not displayed; may be useful with `sortable=on`.
`sortable=on`	Insert a hidden sort key before the result (for use in sortable tables).
`sortable=table`	Insert a sort key using table syntax `data-sort-value="value"\|`.
`sortable=debug`	Same as `sortable=on` but the sort key is displayed for testing.
`sortable=off`	No sort key (can override the default for a template like {{age nts}}).

Examples using the range parameter follow.

{{age in years and months|year=2001|month=1|year2=2012|month2=2|range=yes}} → 11 tahun, 0 atau 1 bulan
{{age in years and months|2001|1||2012|2|range=yes}} → 11 tahun, 0 atau 1 bulan
{{age in years and months|Jan 2001|Feb 2012|range=yes}} → 11 tahun, 0 atau 1 bulan
{{age in years and months|Jan 2001|Feb 2012|range=dash}} → 11 tahun, 0–1 bulan
{{age in years and months|Jan 2001|Feb 2012|range=no}} → 11 tahun, 1 bulan (assume 1 Jan 2001 to 1 Feb 2012)
{{age in years and months|12 Jan 2001|Feb 2012|range=no}} → 11 tahun, 1 bulan (assume 12 Jan 2001 to 12 Feb 2012)
{{age in years and months|2001|2012|range=no}} → 11 tahun (assume 1 Jan 2001 to 1 Jan 2012)
{{age in years and months|2001|23 Feb 2012|range=no}} → 11 tahun (assume 23 Feb 2001 to 23 Feb 2012)

The sort key is based on the age in days, and fractions of a day if a time is specified.

{{age in years and months|10 Jan 2001|20 Feb 2012|sortable=debug}} → 7003405800000000000♠11 tahun, 1 bulan
{{age in years and months|10 Jan 2001|6:00 am 20 Feb 2012|sortable=debug}} → 7003405825000000000♠11 tahun, 1 bulan
{{age in years and months|10 Jan 2001|6:00 am 20 Feb 2012|sortable=debug|show=hide}} → 7003405825000000000♠

An extra day is added for a duration.

{{age in years and months|20 Jan 2001|19 Feb 2012}} → 11 tahun (one day short of 11 years, 1 month)
{{age in years and months|20 Jan 2001|19 Feb 2012|duration=on}} → 11 tahun, 1 bulan

The least-significant time unit can be rounded.

{{age in years and months|20 Jan 2001|10 Feb 2012}} → 11 tahun
{{age in years and months|20 Jan 2001|10 Feb 2012|round=on}} → 11 tahun, 1 bulan (round to nearest month)

Large numbers can be formatted with commas.

{{age in years and months|120|2012|format=commas|range=yes}} → 1,891 atau 1,892 tahun
{{age in years and months|120|2012|format=commas|range=dash}} → 1,891–1,892 tahun

Spelling numbers[sunting sumber]

The templates that use age_generic can display numbers in words rather than using numerals. The result can be a cardinal number (such as "five") or an ordinal number (such as "fifth"). The first letter can be in uppercase, and US spelling of numbers can be used. Examples:

{{age|1898|01|01|2018|02|01|format=cardinal}} → 120
{{age|1898|01|01|2018|02|01|format=cardinal_us}} → 120
{{age|1898|01|01|2018|02|01|format=Cardinal}} → 120
{{age|1898|01|01|2018|02|01|format=Cardinal_us}} → 120
{{age|1898|01|01|2018|02|01|format=Ordinal}} → 120
{{age|1898|01|01|2018|02|01|format=Ordinal_us}} → 120
{{age|1898|01|01|2018|02|01|format=ordinal}} → 120
{{age|1898|01|01|2018|02|01|format=ordinal_us}} → 120
{{age|1980|1990|range=yes|format=Cardinal}} → Kesalahan ekspresi: Karakter tanda baca "{" tidak dikenal.
{{age in years, months and days|April 1980|1995|format=Cardinal|range=yes}} → 14 atau 15 tahun

See also[sunting sumber]

{{time interval}} • This template supports all age/duration calculations and provides more options such as abbreviating or omitting units.

-- Implement various "age of" and other date-related templates.

local _Date, _currentDate
local function getExports(frame)
	-- Return objects exported from the date module or its sandbox.
	if not _Date then
		local sandbox = frame:getTitle():find('sandbox', 1, true) and '/sandbox' or ''
		local datemod = require('Module:Date' .. sandbox)
		_Date = datemod._Date
		_currentDate = datemod._current
	end
	return _Date, _currentDate
end

local Collection  -- a table to hold items
Collection = {
	add = function (self, item)
		if item ~= nil then
			self.n = self.n + 1
			self[self.n] = item
		end
	end,
	join = function (self, sep)
		return table.concat(self, sep)
	end,
	remove = function (self, pos)
		if self.n > 0 and (pos == nil or (0 < pos and pos <= self.n)) then
			self.n = self.n - 1
			return table.remove(self, pos)
		end
	end,
	sort = function (self, comp)
		table.sort(self, comp)
	end,
	new = function ()
		return setmetatable({n = 0}, Collection)
	end
}
Collection.__index = Collection

local function stripToNil(text)
	-- If text is a string, return its trimmed content, or nil if empty.
	-- Otherwise return text (which may, for example, be nil).
	if type(text) == 'string' then
		text = text:match('(%S.-)%s*$')
	end
	return text
end

local function yes(parameter)
	-- Return true if parameter should be interpreted as "yes".
	-- Do not want to accept mixed upper/lowercase unless done by current templates.
	-- Need to accept "on" because "round=on" is wanted.
	return ({ y = true, yes = true, on = true })[parameter]
end

local function message(msg, id)
	-- Return formatted message text for an error or warning.
	local categories = {
		error = '[[Category:Age error]]',
		warning = '[[Category:Age error]]',  -- same as error until determine whether 'Age warning' would be worthwhile
	}
	local a, b, category
	if id == 'warning' then
		a = '<sup>[<i>'
		b = '</i>]</sup>'
	else
		a = '<strong class="error">Error: '
		b = '</strong>'
	end
	if mw.title.getCurrentTitle():inNamespaces(0) then
		-- Category only in namespaces: 0=article.
		category = categories[id or 'error']
	end
	return
		a ..
		mw.text.nowiki(msg) ..
		b ..
		(category or '')
end

local function formatNumber(number)
	-- Return the given number formatted with commas as group separators,
	-- given that the number is an integer.
	local numstr = tostring(number)
	local length = #numstr
	local places = Collection.new()
	local pos = 0
	repeat
		places:add(pos)
		pos = pos + 3
	until pos >= length
	places:add(length)
	local groups = Collection.new()
	for i = places.n, 2, -1 do
		local p1 = length - places[i] + 1
		local p2 = length - places[i - 1]
		groups:add(numstr:sub(p1, p2))
	end
	return groups:join(',')
end

local function makeSort(value, sortable)
	-- Return a sort key if requested.
	-- Assume value is a valid number which has not overflowed.
	if sortable == 'sortable_table' or sortable == 'sortable_on' or sortable == 'sortable_debug' then
		local sortkey
		if value == 0 then
			sortkey = '5000000000000000000'
		else
			local mag = math.floor(math.log10(math.abs(value)) + 1e-14)
			local prefix
			if value > 0 then
				prefix = 7000 + mag
			else
				prefix = 2999 - mag
				value = value + 10^(mag+1)
			end
			sortkey = string.format('%d', prefix) .. string.format('%015.0f', math.floor(value * 10^(14-mag)))
		end
		local lhs, rhs
		if sortable == 'sortable_table' then
			lhs = 'data-sort-value="'
			rhs = '"|'
		else
			lhs = sortable == 'sortable_debug' and
				'<span style="border:1px solid;display:inline;" class="sortkey">' or
				'<span style="display:none" class="sortkey">'
			rhs = '♠</span>'
		end
		return lhs .. sortkey .. rhs
	end
end

local translateParameters = {
	abbr = {
		off = 'abbr_off',
		on = 'abbr_on',
	},
	disp = {
		age = 'disp_age',
		raw = 'disp_raw',
	},
	format = {
		raw = 'format_raw',
		commas = 'format_commas',
	},
	round = {
		on = 'on',
		yes = 'on',
		bulan = 'ym',
		minggu = 'ymw',
		hari = 'ymd',
		jam = 'ymdh',
	},
	sep = {
		comma = 'sep_comma',
		[','] = 'sep_comma',
		serialcomma = 'sep_serialcomma',
		space = 'sep_space',
	},
	show = {
		hide = { id = 'hide' },
		y = { 'y', id = 'y' },
		ym = { 'y', 'm', id = 'ym' },
		ymd = { 'y', 'm', 'd', id = 'ymd' },
		ymw = { 'y', 'm', 'w', id = 'ymw' },
		ymwd = { 'y', 'm', 'w', 'd', id = 'ymwd' },
		yd = { 'y', 'd', id = 'yd', keepZero = true },
		m = { 'm', id = 'm' },
		md = { 'm', 'd', id = 'md' },
		w = { 'w', id = 'w' },
		wd = { 'w', 'd', id = 'wd' },
		h = { 'H', id = 'h' },
		hm = { 'H', 'M', id = 'hm' },
		hms = { 'H', 'M', 'S', id = 'hms' },
		d = { 'd', id = 'd' },
		dh = { 'd', 'H', id = 'dh' },
		dhm = { 'd', 'H', 'M', id = 'dhm' },
		dhms = { 'd', 'H', 'M', 'S', id = 'dhms' },
		ymdh = { 'y', 'm', 'd', 'H', id = 'ymdh' },
		ymdhm = { 'y', 'm', 'd', 'H', 'M', id = 'ymdhm' },
		ymwdh = { 'y', 'm', 'w', 'd', 'H', id = 'ymwdh' },
		ymwdhm = { 'y', 'm', 'w', 'd', 'H', 'M', id = 'ymwdhm' },
	},
	sortable = {
		off = false,
		on = 'sortable_on',
		table = 'sortable_table',
		debug = 'sortable_debug',
	},
}

local function dateExtract(frame)
	-- Return part of a date after performing an optional operation.
	local Date = getExports(frame)
	local args = frame:getParent().args
	local parms = {}
	for i, v in ipairs(args) do
		parms[i] = v
	end
	if yes(args.fix) then
		table.insert(parms, 'fix')
	end
	if yes(args.partial) then
		table.insert(parms, 'partial')
	end
	local date = Date(unpack(parms))
	if not date then
		return message('Need valid date')
	end
	local add = stripToNil(args.add)
	if add then
		for item in add:gmatch('%S+') do
			date = date + item
			if not date then
				return message('Cannot add "' .. item .. '"')
			end
		end
	end
	local prefix, result
	local sortable = translateParameters.sortable[args.sortable]
	if sortable then
		local value = (date.partial and date.partial.first or date).jdz
		prefix = makeSort(value, sortable)
	end
	local show = stripToNil(args.show) or 'dmy'
	if show ~= 'hide' then
		result = date[show]
		if result == nil then
			result = date:text(show)
		elseif type(result) == 'boolean' then
			result = result and '1' or '0'
		else
			result = tostring(result)
		end
	end
	return (prefix or '') .. (result or '')
end

local function makeText(values, components, names, options)
	-- Return wikitext representing an age or duration.
	local text = Collection.new()
	local count = #values
	local sep = names.sep or ''
	for i, v in ipairs(values) do
		-- v is a number (say 4 for 4 years), or a table ({4,5} for 4 or 5 years).
		local islist = type(v) == 'table'
		if (islist or v > 0) or (text.n == 0 and i == count) or (text.n > 0 and components.keepZero) then
			local fmt, vstr
			if i == 1 and options.format == 'format_commas' then
				-- Numbers after the first should be small and not need formatting.
				fmt = formatNumber
			else
				fmt = tostring
			end
			if islist then
				local join = options.range == 'dash' and '–' or '&nbsp;atau '
				vstr = fmt(v[1]) .. join .. fmt(v[2])
			else
				vstr = fmt(v)
			end
			local name = names[components[i]]
			if name then
				local plural = names.plural
				if not plural or (islist and v[2] or v) == 1 then
					plural = ''
				end
				text:add(vstr .. sep .. name .. plural)
			else
				text:add(vstr)
			end
		end
	end
	local first, last
	if options.join == 'sep_space' then
		first = ' '
		last = ' '
	elseif options.join == 'sep_comma' then
		first = ', '
		last = ', '
	elseif options.join == 'sep_serialcomma' and text.n > 2 then
		first = ', '
		last = ', dan '
	else
		first = ', '
		last = ' dan '
	end
	for i, v in ipairs(text) do
		if i < text.n then
			text[i] = v .. (i + 1 < text.n and first or last)
		end
	end
	local sign = ''
	if options.isnegative then
		-- Do not display negative zero.
		if text.n > 1 or (text.n == 1 and text[1]:sub(1, 1) ~= '0' ) then
			if options.format == 'format_raw' then
				sign = '-'  -- plain hyphen so result can be used in a calculation
			else
				sign = '−'  -- Unicode U+2212 MINUS SIGN
			end
		end
	end
	return
		(options.prefix or '') ..
		sign ..
		text:join() ..
		(options.suffix or '')
end

local function dateDifference(parms)
	-- Return a formatted date difference using the given parameters
	-- which have been validated.
	local names = {
		abbr_off = {
			plural = '',
			sep = '&nbsp;',
			y = 'tahun',
			m = 'bulan',
			w = 'minggu',
			d = 'hari',
			H = 'jam',
			M = 'menit',
			S = 'detik',
		},
		abbr_on = {
			y = 'thn',
			m = 'bln',
			w = 'mgg',
			d = 'hr',
			H = 'jam',
			M = 'mnt',
			S = 'dtk',
		},
		abbr_infant = {      -- for {{age for infant}}
			plural = '',
			sep = '&nbsp;',
			y = 'thn',
			m = 'bln',
			w = 'mgg',
			d = 'hr',
			H = 'jam',
			M = 'mnt',
			S = 'dtk',
		},
		abbr_raw = {},
	}
	local diff = parms.diff  -- must be a valid date difference
	local show = parms.show  -- may be nil; default is set below
	local abbr = parms.abbr or 'abbr_off'
	local defaultJoin
	if abbr ~= 'abbr_off' then
		defaultJoin = 'sep_space'
	end
	if not show then
		show = 'ymd'
		if parms.disp == 'disp_age' then
			if diff.years < 3 then
				defaultJoin = 'sep_space'
				if diff.years >= 1 then
					show = 'ym'
				else
					show = 'md'
				end
			else
				show = 'y'
			end
		end
	end
	if type(show) ~= 'table' then
		show = translateParameters.show[show]
	end
	if parms.disp == 'disp_raw' then
		defaultJoin = 'sep_space'
		abbr = 'abbr_raw'
	elseif parms.wantSc then
		defaultJoin = 'sep_serialcomma'
	end
	local diffOptions = {
		round = parms.round,
		duration = parms.wantDuration,
		range = parms.range and true or nil,
	}
	local prefix
	if parms.sortable then
		local value = diff.age_days + (parms.wantDuration and 1 or 0)  -- days and fraction of a day
		if diff.isnegative then
			value = -value
		end
		prefix = makeSort(value, parms.sortable)
	end
	local textOptions = {
		prefix = prefix,
		suffix = parms.suffix,  -- not currently used
		format = parms.format,
		join = parms.sep or defaultJoin,
		isnegative = diff.isnegative,
		range = parms.range,
	}
	if show.id == 'hide' then
		return prefix or ''
	end
	local values = { diff:age(show.id, diffOptions) }
	if values[1] then
		return makeText(values, show, names[abbr], textOptions)
	end
	if diff.partial then
		-- Handle a more complex range such as
		-- {{age_yd|20 Dec 2001|2003|range=yes}} → 1 year, 12 days or 2 years, 11 days
		local opt = {
			format = textOptions.format,
			join = textOptions.join,
			isnegative = textOptions.isnegative,
		}
		return
			(textOptions.prefix or '') ..
			makeText({ diff.partial.mindiff:age(show.id, diffOptions) }, show, names[abbr], opt) ..
			(textOptions.range == 'dash' and '–' or '&nbsp;atau ') ..
			makeText({ diff.partial.maxdiff:age(show.id, diffOptions) }, show, names[abbr], opt) ..
			(textOptions.suffix or '')
	end
	return message('Parameter show=' .. show.id .. ' is not supported here')
end

local function getDates(frame, getopt)
	-- Parse template parameters and return one of:
	-- * date         (a date table, if single)
	-- * date1, date2 (two date tables, if not single)
	-- * text         (a string error message)
	-- A missing date is replaced with the current date.
	-- If wantMixture is true, a missing date component is replaced
	-- from the current date, so can get a bizarre mixture of
	-- specified/current y/m/d as has been done by some "age" templates.
	-- Some results may be placed in table getopt.
	local Date, currentDate = getExports(frame)
	getopt = getopt or {}
	local fix = getopt.fix and 'fix' or ''
	local partial = getopt.partial and 'partial' or ''
	local args = frame:getParent().args
	local fields = {}
	local isNamed = args.year or args.year1 or args.year2 or
		args.month or args.month1 or args.month2 or
		args.day or args.day1 or args.day2
	if isNamed then
		fields[1] = args.year1 or args.year
		fields[2] = args.month1 or args.month
		fields[3] = args.day1 or args.day
		fields[4] = args.year2
		fields[5] = args.month2
		fields[6] = args.day2
	else
		for i = 1, 6 do
			fields[i] = args[i]
		end
	end
	local imax = 0
	for i = 1, 6 do
		fields[i] = stripToNil(fields[i])
		if fields[i] then
			imax = i
		end
	end
	local noDefault = imax == 0 and getopt.noMissing
	local dates = {}
	if isNamed or imax >= 3 then
		local nrDates = getopt.single and 1 or 2
		if getopt.wantMixture then
			-- Cannot be partial since empty fields are set from current.
			local components = { 'year', 'month', 'day' }
			for i = 1, nrDates * 3 do
				fields[i] = fields[i] or currentDate[components[i > 3 and i - 3 or i]]
			end
			for i = 1, nrDates do
				local index = i == 1 and 1 or 4
				dates[i] = Date(fields[index], fields[index+1], fields[index+2])
			end
		else
			for i = 1, nrDates do
				local index = i == 1 and 1 or 4
				local y, m, d = fields[index], fields[index+1], fields[index+2]
				if (partial and y) or (y and m and d) then
					dates[i] = Date(fix, partial, y, m, d)
				elseif not y and not m and not d and not noDefault then
					dates[i] = Date('currentdate')
				end
			end
		end
	elseif not noDefault then
		getopt.textdates = true  -- have parsed each date from a single text field
		dates[1] = Date(fix, partial, fields[1] or 'currentdate')
		if not getopt.single then
			dates[2] = Date(fix, partial, fields[2] or 'currentdate')
		end
	end
	if not dates[1] then
		return message('Need valid year, month, day')
	end
	if getopt.single then
		return dates[1]
	end
	if not dates[2] then
		return message('Second date should be year, month, day')
	end
	return dates[1], dates[2]
end

local function ageGeneric(frame)
	-- Return the result required by the specified template.
	-- Can use sortable=x where x = on/table/off/debug in any supported template.
	-- Some templates default to sortable=on but can be overridden.
	local name = frame.args.template
	if not name then
		return message('The template invoking this must have "|template=x" where x is the wanted operation')
	end
	local args = frame:getParent().args
	local specs = {
		age_days = {                -- {{age in days}}
			show = 'd',
			disp = 'disp_raw',
		},
		age_days_nts = {            -- {{age in days nts}}
			show = 'd',
			disp = 'disp_raw',
			format = 'format_commas',
			sortable = 'on',
		},
		duration_days = {           -- {{duration in days}}
			show = 'd',
			disp = 'disp_raw',
			duration = true,
		},
		duration_days_nts = {       -- {{duration in days nts}}
			show = 'd',
			disp = 'disp_raw',
			format = 'format_commas',
			sortable = 'on',
			duration = true,
		},
		age_full_years = {          -- {{age}}
			show = 'y',
			abbr = 'abbr_raw',
		},
		age_full_years_nts = {      -- {{age nts}}
			show = 'y',
			abbr = 'abbr_raw',
			format = 'format_commas',
			sortable = 'on',
		},
		age_in_years = {            -- {{age in years}}
			show = 'y',
			abbr = 'abbr_raw',
			negative = 'error',
			range = 'dash',
		},
		age_in_years_nts = {        -- {{age in years nts}}
			show = 'y',
			abbr = 'abbr_raw',
			negative = 'error',
			range = 'dash',
			format = 'format_commas',
			sortable = 'on',
		},
		age_infant = {              -- {{age for infant}}
			-- Do not set show because special processing is done later.
			abbr = yes(args.abbr) and 'abbr_infant' or 'abbr_off',
			disp = 'disp_age',
			sep = 'sep_space',
			sortable = 'on',
		},
		age_m = {                   -- {{age in months}}
			show = 'm',
			disp = 'disp_raw',
		},
		age_w = {                   -- {{age in weeks}}
			show = 'w',
			disp = 'disp_raw',
		},
		age_wd = {                  -- {{age in weeks and days}}
			show = 'wd',
		},
		age_yd = {                  -- {{age in years and days}}
			show = 'yd',
			format = 'format_commas',
			sep = args.sep ~= 'and' and 'sep_comma' or nil,
		},
		age_yd_nts = {              -- {{age in years and days nts}}
			show = 'yd',
			format = 'format_commas',
			sep = args.sep ~= 'and' and 'sep_comma' or nil,
			sortable = 'on',
		},
		age_ym = {                  -- {{age in years and months}}
			show = 'ym',
			sep = 'sep_comma',
		},
		age_ymd = {                 -- {{age in years, months and days}}
			show = 'ymd',
			range = true,
		},
		age_ymwd = {                -- {{age in years, months, weeks and days}}
			show = 'ymwd',
			wantMixture = true,
		},
	}
	local spec = specs[name]
	if not spec then
		return message('The specified template name is not valid')
	end
	if name == 'age_days' then
		local su = stripToNil(args['show unit'])
		if su then
			if su == 'abbr' or su == 'full' then
				spec.disp = nil
				spec.abbr = su == 'abbr' and 'abbr_on' or nil
			end
		end
	end
	local partial
	local range = stripToNil(args.range) or spec.range
	if range then
		-- Suppose partial dates are used and age could be 11 or 12 years.
		-- "|range=" (empty value) has no effect (spec is used).
		-- "|range=yes" or spec.range == true sets range = true (gives "11 or 12")
		-- "|range=dash" sets range = 'dash' (gives "11–12").
		-- "|range=no" sets range = nil (gives "12").
		--     Above gives a good result with age in years, but is probably unhelpful for other cases.
		--     {{age in years|year1=1900|year2=1910|range=no}} → 10
		--     {{age in days|year1=1900|year2=1910|range=no}}  → 4016 (from 1900-01-01 to 1910-12-31)
		-- "|range=OTHER" sets range = nil and rejects partial dates.
		range = ({ dash = 'dash', no = 'no', [true] = true })[range] or yes(range)
		if range then
			partial = true  -- accept partial dates with a possible age range for the result
			if range == 'no' then
				range = nil
			end
		end
	end
	local getopt = {
		fix = yes(args.fix),
		partial = partial,
		wantMixture = spec.wantMixture,
	}
	local date1, date2 = getDates(frame, getopt)
	if type(date1) == 'string' then
		return date1
	end
	local format = stripToNil(args.format)
	if format then
		format = 'format_' .. format
	elseif name == 'age_days' and getopt.textdates then
		format = 'format_commas'
	end
	local parms = {
		diff = date2 - date1,
		wantDuration = spec.duration or yes(args.duration),
		range = range,
		wantSc = yes(args.sc),
		show = args.show == 'hide' and 'hide' or spec.show,
		abbr = spec.abbr,
		disp = spec.disp,
		format = format or spec.format,
		round = yes(args.round),
		sep = spec.sep,
		sortable = translateParameters.sortable[args.sortable or spec.sortable],
	}
	if (spec.negative or frame.args.negative) == 'error' and parms.diff.isnegative then
		return message('The second date should not be before the first date')
	end
	return dateDifference(parms)
end

local function bda(frame)
	-- Implement [[Template:Birth date and age]].
	local args = frame:getParent().args
	local options = { noMissing=true, single=true }
	local date = getDates(frame, options)
	if type(date) == 'string' then
		return date  -- error text
	end
	local Date = getExports(frame)
	local diff = Date('currentdate') - date
	if diff.isnegative or diff.years > 150 then
		return message('Invalid birth date for calculating age')
	end
	local disp, show = 'disp_raw', 'y'
	if diff.years < 2 then
		disp = 'disp_age'
		if diff.years == 0 and diff.months == 0 then
			show = 'd'
		else
			show = 'm'
		end
	end
	local df = stripToNil(args.df)  -- day first (dmy); default is month first (mdy)
	local result = df and
		'%-d %B %-Y' or
		'%B %-d, %-Y'
	result = '(<span class="bday">%-Y-%m-%d</span>) </span>' .. result
	result = '<span style="display:none"> ' ..
		date:text(result) ..
		'<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> ' ..
		'(usia&nbsp;' ..
		dateDifference({
			diff = diff,
			show = show,
			abbr = 'abbr_off',
			disp = disp,
			sep = 'sep_space',
		}) ..
		')</span>'
	local warnings = tonumber(frame.args.warnings)
	if warnings and warnings > 0 then
		local good = {
			df = true,
			mf = true,
			template = true,
			day = true,
			day1 = true,
			month = true,
			month1 = true,
			year = true,
			year1 = true,
		}
		local invalid
		local imax = options.textdates and 1 or 3
		for k, _ in pairs(args) do
			if type(k) == 'number' then
				if k > imax then
					invalid = tostring(k)
					break
				end
			else
				if not good[k] then
					invalid = k
					break
				end
			end
		end
		if invalid then
			result = result .. message('invalid parameter ' .. invalid, 'warning')
		end
	end
	return result
end

local function dateToGsd(frame)
	-- Implement [[Template:Gregorian serial date]].
	-- Return Gregorian serial date of the given date, or the current date.
	-- The returned value is negative for dates before 1 January 1 AD
	-- despite the fact that GSD is not defined for such dates.
	local date = getDates(frame, { wantMixture=true, single=true })
	if type(date) == 'string' then
		return date
	end
	return tostring(date.gsd)
end

local function jdToDate(frame)
	-- Return formatted date from a Julian date.
	-- The result includes a time if the input includes a fraction.
	-- The word 'Julian' is accepted for the Julian calendar.
	local Date = getExports(frame)
	local args = frame:getParent().args
	local date = Date('juliandate', args[1], args[2])
	if date then
		return date:text()
	end
	return message('Need valid Julian date number')
end

local function dateToJd(frame)
	-- Return Julian date (a number) from a date which may include a time,
	-- or the current date ('currentdate') or current date and time ('currentdatetime').
	-- The word 'Julian' is accepted for the Julian calendar.
	local Date = getExports(frame)
	local args = frame:getParent().args
	local date = Date(args[1], args[2], args[3], args[4], args[5], args[6], args[7])
	if date then
		return tostring(date.jd)
	end
	return message('Need valid year/month/day or "currentdate"')
end

local function timeInterval(frame)
	-- Implement [[Template:Time interval]].
	-- There are two positional arguments: date1, date2.
	-- The default for each is the current date and time.
	-- Result is date2 - date1 formatted.
	local Date = getExports(frame)
	local args = frame:getParent().args
	local parms = {
		wantDuration = yes(args.duration),
		range = yes(args.range) or (args.range == 'dash' and 'dash' or nil),
		wantSc = yes(args.sc),
	}
	local fix = yes(args.fix) and 'fix' or ''
	local date1 = Date(fix, 'partial', stripToNil(args[1]) or 'currentdatetime')
	if not date1 then
		return message('Invalid start date in first parameter')
	end
	local date2 = Date(fix, 'partial', stripToNil(args[2]) or 'currentdatetime')
	if not date2 then
		return message('Invalid end date in second parameter')
	end
	parms.diff = date2 - date1
	for argname, translate in pairs(translateParameters) do
		local parm = stripToNil(args[argname])
		if parm then
			parm = translate[parm]
			if parm == nil then  -- test for nil because false is a valid setting
				return message('Parameter ' .. argname .. '=' .. args[argname] .. ' is invalid')
			end
			parms[argname] = parm
		end
	end
	if parms.round then
		local round = parms.round
		local show = parms.show
		if round ~= 'on' then
			if show then
				if show.id ~= round then
					return message('Parameter show=' .. args.show .. ' conflicts with round=' .. args.round)
				end
			else
				parms.show = translateParameters.show[round]
			end
		end
		parms.round = true
	end
	return dateDifference(parms)
end

return {
	age_generic = ageGeneric,           -- can emulate several age templates
	birth_date_and_age = bda,           -- Template:Birth_date_and_age
	gsd = dateToGsd,                    -- Template:Gregorian_serial_date
	extract = dateExtract,              -- Template:Extract
	jd_to_date = jdToDate,              -- Template:?
	JULIANDAY = dateToJd,               -- Template:JULIANDAY
	time_interval = timeInterval,       -- Template:Time_interval
}