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A WikiProject, or Wikiproject, is an affinity group for contributors with shared goals within the Wikimedia movement. WikiProjects are prevalent within the largest wiki, Wikipedia, and exist to varying degrees within sibling projects such as Wiktionary, Wikiquote, Wikidata, and Wikisource. They also exist in different languages, and translation of articles is a form of their collaboration.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, CBS News noted the role of Wikipedia's WikiProject Medicine in maintaining the accuracy of articles related to the disease.[1] Another WikiProject that has drawn attention is WikiProject Women Scientists, which was profiled by Smithsonian for its efforts to improve coverage of women scientists which the profile noted had "helped increase the number of female scientists on Wikipedia from around 1,600 to over 5,000".[2]

On Wikipedia[sunting | sunting sumber]

Some Wikipedia WikiProjects are substantial enough to engage in cooperative activities with outside organizations relevant to the field at issue.

Wikipedia has thousands of WikiProjects, primarily divided between specific topical areas and performing specific maintenance tasks.[3][4] One task commonly performed by topical WikiProjects on Wikipedia is the assessment of the quality of articles that fall within that topic area.[5] In Wikipedia and sibling projects, WikiProject pages are located in project space,[3] and the meta information regarding the association between the article and the WikiProject is usually included on the talk page of the article.[5]

WikiProjects provide an additional avenue for engagement between editors with similar interests, and have thereby been found to increase the productivity of such editors.[6] In order to spur participation and concentrate effectiveness, WikiProjects on Wikipedia may engage in activities like having a "collaboration of the week",[7] or designating one article to be improved to the point of achieving "featured" status.[8] The WikiProject Council is a group of editors that assists with the development of active WikiProjects, and acts as a central point for inter-WikiProject discussion and collaboration.

A 2008 academic study of Wikipedia concluded that participation in WikiProjects substantially improved the chances of an editor becoming an administrator, finding that one Wikipedia policy edit or WikiProject edit is worth ten article edits,[9] and concluding:

Merely performing a lot of production work is insufficient for "promotion" in Wikipedia. Candidates’ article edits were weak predictors of success. They also have to demonstrate more managerial behavior. Diverse experience and contributions to the development of policies and WikiProjects were stronger predictors of RfA success. This is consistent with the findings that Wikipedia is a bureaucracy[10] and that coordination work has increased substantially.[11][12] [...] Participation in Wikipedia policy and WikiProjects was not predictive of adminship prior to 2006, suggesting the community as a whole is beginning to prioritize policymaking and organization experience over simple article-level coordination.

ProyekJS dan asesmen urgensi dan kualitas artikel[sunting | sunting sumber]

For related Wikipedia administration pages see Wikipedia:Content assessment.

Pada 2007, Wikipedia berbahasa Inggris mengenalkan asesment dengan skala kualitas artikel.[13]Templat:Self-published inline Artikel-artikel tersebut dinilai oleh WikiProjects. Batasan tingkat kualitas dimulai dengan "Rintisan" (halaman dengan isian sangat sedikit), diikuti dengan "Start", "C" and "B" (dalam urutan kualitas). Ulasan dari anggota komunitas dibutuhkan untuk menjadikan sebuah artikel di tingkat terbaik: baik itu tingkat "A", "good article" atau yang tertinggi, "featured article". sekitar 4.4 juta artikel dan telah masuk daftar asasmen pada tahun 2015, sekitar 7,000 (0.16%) dari featured article or a featured list. One featured article per day, as selected by editors, appears on the main page of Wikipedia.[14][15] According to research in 2021, WikiProject Tropical Cyclones has the most quality content in terms of good articles and featured articles. This is unusual, due to the project's narrow scope and member count of only around 100.[16]

Tiap tulisan juga dapat dinilai urgensinya oleh WikiProjects. Saat ini,Templat:When ada 5 kategori urgensi: "rendah", "sedang", "tinggi", "penting", dan "???" untuk level tanpa klasifikasi/belum jelas. For a particular article, different WikiProjects may assign different importance levels.

The Wikipedia Version 1.0 Editorial Team has developed a table (shown below) that displays data of all rated articles by quality and importance, on the English Wikipedia. If an article or list receives different ratings by two or more WikiProjects, then the highest rating is used in the table and bar-chart.

Researcher Giacomo Poderi found that articles tend to reach featured status via the intensive work of a few editors.[17] A 2010 study found unevenness in quality among featured articles and concluded that the community process is ineffective in assessing the quality of articles.[18]

Pengguna:WP 1.0 bot/WikiWork
All rated articles by quality and importance
Quality Importance
SP P CP KP ??? Total
FA 1,527 2,396 2,345 1,826 178 8,272
FL 167 624 705 664 110 2,270
A 342 667 777 563 83 2,432
AB 3,066 6,969 14,143 18,238 1,695 44,111
B 16,036 30,963 50,751 60,386 17,906 176,042
C 16,089 51,303 127,499 276,043 77,671 548,605
Awal 18,587 90,798 404,166 1,507,793 382,788 2,404,132
Rintisan 4,264 31,756 278,469 2,732,305 761,352 3,808,146
Daftar 4,628 16,293 50,936 177,861 57,895 307,613
Templat:Assessed-Class 64,706 231,769 929,791 4,775,679 1,299,678 7,301,623
Unassessed 114 467 1,210 19,314 429,169 450,274
Total 64,820 232,236 931,001 4,794,993 1,728,847 7,751,897

Galat skrip: tidak ada modul tersebut "Chart".

[Note: The table above (prepared by the Wikipedia Version 1.0 Editorial Team) is automatically updated daily by User:WP 1.0 bot, but the bar-chart is not auto-updated.]


WikiProject Medicine[sunting | sunting sumber]

WikiProject Medicine was formed in 2004 to improve coverage of medicine-related topics.[19][20][21]

A 2011 review of the project's efforts praised it for assessing most medical articles on Wikipedia (at that time about 25,000), at the same time remarking that only around 70 have been assessed as high quality.[19] The first use of Wikipedia medical content in formal medical education was in 2011.[22] A 2014 study found that the frequency of Wikipedia medical topics referenced in medical publications has increased over time since 2010, in spite of recommendations discouraging doctors from using Wikipedia, with the majority provided as definitions or descriptions.[23]

A 2016 review written by Wikipedians[lower-alpha 1] stated that the number of high quality articles had improved to about 80.[24] The review praised the efforts of the volunteers, but said that participation levels are too low to promise any significant improvements in the thousands of lower-quality articles, calling for more medical practitioners to volunteer.[24][lower-alpha 2] The review also said that readability (complexity) of Wikipedia articles may be too high for its intended audience, and encouraged the Wikipedia volunteers to review this aspect.[21]

CBS News described the role of WikiProject Medicine in content about the COVID-19 pandemic, stating that while "hot topics that get a lot of page views are carefully edited, inaccurate information persists on some of Wikipedia's less-read pages".[25] James Heilman told CBS News, "I do not recommend people trust Wikipedia blindly. I think doing so would be silly. Yet, you know, people shouldn't trust other sources of information blindly, either."[25]

According to a review written by a Wikipedia contributor and advocate,[lower-alpha 3][lower-alpha 4] as of 2020, Wikipedia is among the world's most accessed resources for health information by the public, patients, students, and practitioners.[22]

Notes[sunting | sunting sumber]

  1. ↑ "Competing interests: All authors have contributed to Wikipedia articles. TS, DD, MH and JH are current participants in WP:MED. JH is a former and current member of the Wikimedia Foundation board of trustees. All authors are on the editorial board of WikiJournal of Medicine. TS is on the editorial board of PLOS Genetics."[24]
  2. ↑ The article processing fee was covered by a rapid grant from the Wikimedia Foundation. The Foundation had no involvement in the study design, the collection, analysis and interpretation of the data, writing the report, or in the decision to submit the manuscript for publication.[24]
  3. ↑ The author is a Wikipedia contributor and advocates for Wikipedia authorship to health workers, students, and faculty at McMaster University."[22]
  4. ↑ "The Author declared in the cover letter being awarded a grant from the Wikimedia Foundation whose funding would cover this publication if accepted. Financial Disclosure section and Competing Interests section should be updated accordingly (in competing interests, I believe Author could specify having obtained the grant -after- completing and submitting this work)".[22]

References[sunting | sunting sumber]

  1. ↑ Laudato, Anthony (May 24, 2020). "The rise of Wikipedia as a source of medical information". CBS News. 
  2. ↑ Daley, Jason (March 15, 2016). "How a College Student Led the WikiProject Women Scientists". Smithsonian Magazine. 
  3. ↑ 3,0 3,1 Phoebe Ayers, Charles Matthews, Ben Yates, How Wikipedia Works: And how You Can be a Part of it (2008), p. 213.
  4. ↑ Broughton, John (2008). Wikipedia – The Missing Manual. O'Reilly Media. hlm. 165–175. 
  5. ↑ 5,0 5,1 Huijing Deng, Bernadetta Tarigan, Mihai Grigore, Juliana Sutanto, "Understanding the ‘Quality Motion’ of Wikipedia Articles Through Semantic Convergence Analysis", HCI in Business: Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Vol. 9191 (July 21, 2015), p. 64-75.
  6. ↑ Robert E. Kraut, Paul Resnick, Sara Kiesler, Building Successful Online Communities (2012), p. 207, "WikiProjects are groups of editors who work together on articles within a domain, like military history, sports, or medicine".
  7. ↑ Robert E. Kraut, Paul Resnick, Sara Kiesler, Building Successful Online Communities (2012), p. 38, "WikiProjects are groups of editors who work together on articles within a domain, like military history, sports, or medicine".
  8. ↑ Robert E. Kraut, Paul Resnick, Sara Kiesler, Building Successful Online Communities (2012), p. 85, "WikiProjects are groups of editors who work together on articles within a domain, like military history, sports, or medicine".
  9. ↑ Burke, Moira; Kraut, Robert (2008). "Taking up the mop". Proceedings of the Twenty-Sixth Annual CHI Conference Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems - CHI '08. hlm. 3441. doi:10.1145/1358628.1358871. ISBN 978-1-60558-012-8. 
  10. ↑ Butler, Brian; Joyce, Elisabeth; Pike, Jacqueline (2008). "Don't look now, but we've created a bureaucracy". Proceedings of the Twenty-Sixth Annual CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems - CHI '08. hlm. 1101. doi:10.1145/1357054.1357227. ISBN 9781605580111. 
  11. ↑ Kittur, Aniket; Suh, Bongwon; Pendleton, Bryan A.; and Chi, Ed H. (2007). "He says, she says: conflict and coordination in Wikipedia". Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing. Association for Computing Machinery. hlm. 453–462. doi:10.1145/1240624.1240698. ISBN 978-1-59593-593-9. 
  12. ↑ Viegas, Fernanda B.; Wattenberg, Martin; Kriss, Jesse; van Ham, Frank (2007). "Talk Before You Type: Coordination in Wikipedia". 2007 40th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS'07). hlm. 575–582. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.210.1057 alt=Dapat diakses gratis. doi:10.1109/HICSS.2007.511. ISBN 978-0-7695-2755-0. 
  13. ↑ Wikipedia:Version 1.0 Editorial Team/Assessment 
  14. ↑ Poderi, Giacomo (8 April 2009). "Comparing featured article groups and revision patterns correlations in Wikipedia". First Monday. doi:10.5210/fm.v14i5.2365 alt=Dapat diakses gratis. Diakses tanggal July 13, 2010. 
  15. ↑ Fernanda B. Viégas; Martin Wattenberg; Matthew M. McKeon (July 22, 2007). "The Hidden Order of Wikipedia" (PDF). Visual Communication Lab, IBM Research. Diakses tanggal October 30, 2007. 
  16. ↑ Jemielniak, Dariusz; Rychwalska, Agnieszka; Talaga, Szymon; Ziembowicz, Karolina (September 2021). "Wikiproject Tropical Cyclones: The most successful crowd-sourced knowledge project with near real-time coverage of extreme weather phenomena". Weather and Climate Extremes. 33: 100354. Bibcode:2021WCE....3300354J. doi:10.1016/j.wace.2021.100354 alt=Dapat diakses gratis. 
  17. ↑ Poderi, Giacomo, Wikipedia and the Featured Articles: How a Technological System Can Produce Best Quality Articles, Master thesis, University of Maastricht, October 2008.
  18. ↑ Lindsey, David (April 5, 2010). "Evaluating quality control of Wikipedia's featured articles". First Monday. 15 (4). Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal October 11, 2017. Diakses tanggal January 29, 2017. 
  19. ↑ 19,0 19,1 Trevena, L. (2011-06-08). "WikiProject Medicine". BMJ (dalam bahasa Inggris). 342 (jun08 3): d3387. doi:10.1136/bmj.d3387. ISSN 0959-8138. PMID 21653617. 
  20. ↑ James, Richard (October 2016). "WikiProject Medicine: Creating Credibility in Consumer Health". Journal of Hospital Librarianship (dalam bahasa Inggris). 16 (4): 344–351. doi:10.1080/15323269.2016.1221284. ISSN 1532-3269. 
  21. ↑ 21,0 21,1 Murray, Terry (2015-03-03). "WikiProject Medicine making progress". Canadian Medical Association Journal (dalam bahasa Inggris). 187 (4): 245. doi:10.1503/cmaj.109-4982. ISSN 0820-3946. PMC 4347770 alt=Dapat diakses gratis. PMID 25646285. 
  22. ↑ 22,0 22,1 22,2 22,3 Smith DA (2020). "Situating Wikipedia as a health information resource in various contexts: A scoping review". PLOS ONE. 15 (2): e0228786. Bibcode:2020PLoSO..1528786S. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0228786 alt=Dapat diakses gratis. PMC 7028268 alt=Dapat diakses gratis. PMID 32069322. 
  23. ↑ Bould MD, Hladkowicz ES, Pigford AA, Ufholz LA, Postonogova T, Shin E, Boet S (March 2014). "References that anyone can edit: review of Wikipedia citations in peer reviewed health science literature". BMJ. 348: g1585. doi:10.1136/bmj.g1585. PMC 3944683 alt=Dapat diakses gratis. PMID 24603564. 
  24. ↑ 24,0 24,1 24,2 24,3 Shafee, Thomas; Masukume, Gwinyai; Kipersztok, Lisa; Das, Diptanshu; Häggström, Mikael; Heilman, James (2017-11-01). "Evolution of Wikipedia's medical content: past, present and future". J Epidemiol Community Health. 71 (11): 1122–1129. doi:10.1136/jech-2016-208601. ISSN 0143-005X. PMC 5847101 alt=Dapat diakses gratis. PMID 28847845. 
  25. ↑ 25,0 25,1 Laudato, Anthony (May 24, 2020). "The rise of Wikipedia as a source of medical information". CBS News. Diakses tanggal April 3, 2023. 
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